What are all these different types of gladness and how do they differ from each other? To answer these questions we will first resolve the age-old dichotomy of sasson and simcha, and then we will explain the meanings of the other words for happiness. In the blessing which we customarily say for a newly-married bride and groom, we wish upon the couple different forms of happiness: sasson, simcha, gilah, rinah, ditzah and chedva. Jewish Spiritual Parenting: Wisdom, Activities, Rituals and Prayers for Raising Children with Spiritual Balance and Emotional Wholeness (2015) by Rabbi Paul Kipnes and his wife Michelle November, MSSW., Jewish Lights Publishing, (p. Tzahala–combining both happiness and dancing” T’rua–joy expressed in a shout or cheer (like a shofar) Rina–related to singing and shouting, often very revitalizing Ranan –being so overcome as to cry or shout in joy (We say, “Torah Ora” –signifying that Torah is both light and joy for our lives, and “Ora v’Simcha”- “Light and Joy” lift our spirits and our souls) Ora–signifying both “light” and “joy,” suggesting an interplay between awareness and uplift. Osher–deeper, abiding, connected to a yearning for inner peace and a life of meaning Nachas –prideful joy brought on especially by our children (In modern Hebrew the word is Nachat, but we still use the Yiddish and wish people much naches from their children and grandchildren) Gila–a stronger sensation that bursts forth but is more transient and worldly (related to gal, meaning “wave”) The actual Jewish event is called a Simcha!)Ĭhedva –pure and unfiltered, expressing the happiness of being with others Eg, “I will be so happy to attend your Simcha.” Fill in wedding, bar mitzvah, baby naming. (I would add that Simcha is also a word we use for a party/occasion celebrating a joyous moment. Simcha -considered the broadest word for joy, it also notes complete happiness in its fullest sense. But, according to our count, Judaism has at least four more. “Avot D’Rabbi Natan 34:9, a minor tractate of the Talmud, lists ten words that are used to describe joy. Other rabbinical sayings appear in a more informal style than what is found in the canonical Mishna Avot redacted by Judah I. Avot de-Rabbi Nathan contains many sentences, proverbs, and incidents that are not found anywhere else in the early rabbinical literature ( Cashdan 1965). It may be considered as a kind of " tosefta" or " gemarah" to the Mishna Avot, which does not possess a traditional gemarah. In the form now extant it contains a mixture of Mishnah and Midrash, and may be technically designated as a homiletical exposition of the Mishnaic tractate Pirkei Avot, having for its foundation an older recension (version) of that tractate. Although Avot de-Rabbi Nathan is the first and longest of the "minor tractates", it probably does not belong in that collection chronologically, having more the character of a late midrash. Avot de-Rabbi Nathan ( Hebrew: אבות דרבי נתן), usually printed together with the minor tractates of the Talmud, is a Jewish aggadic work probably compiled in the geonic era (c.700–900 CE).
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